GAAR: India May Not Go For Retro-Taxing Of Overseas M&A

A committee which was formed to give recommendations on the implementation of the controversial general anti-avoidance rules (GAAR) provisions in India released its draft guidelines Thursday night. The draft guidelines have clarified that the GAAR will not be applied retrospectively.

GAAR, which was introduced in the budget in March, has been much criticized by the industry and investors for its anti-investment friendly provisions. The new tax rules, intended to eliminate tax evasion by companies by routing their investments through tax havens, lacked clarity in several aspects and investors feared its misuse.

The provisions in GAAR like retro-taxing created panic among investors that reflected in Indian capital and Forex markets through the high foreign fund outflow. Though the government deferred its implementation by a year to 2013, it virtually spoiled the investor sentiment towards the economy.

In the draft guidelines issued Thursday, the government sought to allay the investors' concerns over retro-taxing and other issues.

On Invoking the GAAR and Retro Taxing provisions: The ministry's draft guidelines clarify that there won't be any retro-taxing and GAAR provisions will be invoked only if a Foreign Institutional Investor (FII) opts to take advantage of tax treaties.

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"Where an FII (foreign institutional investor) chooses to take a treaty benefit, GAAR provisions may be invoked in the case of the FII, but would not in any case be invoked in the case of the non-resident investors of the FII," says the draft guidelines.

The ministry has also suggested having an income threshold for invoking GAAR while making clear that "the provisions of GAAR will apply to the income accruing or arising to the?taxpayers on or after 01.04.2013."

Interplay between SAAR and GAAR: Allaying concerns that there can be interplay between the Anti-Avoidance Rules (SAAR) and Specific General Anti-Avoidance Rules (GAAR), the draft guidelines said: ?"While SAARs are promulgated to counter a specific abusive behavior, GAARs are used to support SAARs and to cover transactions that are not covered by SAARs. Under normal circumstances, where specific SAAR is applicable, GAAR will not be invoked. However, in an exceptional case of abusive behavior on the part of a taxpayer that might defeat a SAAR, as illustrated in Example No. 16 in Annexure E (or similar cases), GAAR could also be invoked." ?

On the Application of Section 96(2): One of the contentious provisions in GAAR was that even if only a part of the business arrangement is to obtain a tax benefit, the tax authorities will treat the whole arrangement as an impermissible arrangement, according to section 96(2).

However, now the draft guidelines recommend that "where only a part of the arrangement is impermissible, the tax consequences of 'Impermissible Avoidance Arrangement' will be limited to only that part of the arrangement."

The draft guidelines are not yet seen by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, who assumed the charge of the Finance Ministry after Pranab Mukherjee resigned from the post. Finance ministry sources have revealed that the guideline will be finalized in consultation with the Prime Minister. However, with Singh making it clear that he would make all efforts to get back the foreign funds and revive economic growth, the concerns over the provisions of GAAR are expected to be addressed soon.?

Analysts expressed satisfaction over the government move to clarify on GAAR.

"Some clarifications are a welcome step. It remains to be seen how the guidelines are implemented," said N. C. Hegde, a Mumbai-based partner at Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India, according to a Bloomberg report.

The government's initiative to sort out the concerns over GAAR is crucial in regaining the FII confidence. Experts feel though there still exists some doubts on the provisions of the controversial act, steps taken now are in right direction towards clearing them.?

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Source: http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/357855/20120629/indian-government-seeks-inputs-gaar-draft-guidelines.htm

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[ROM ICS 4.0.4] CodeName Android v2.0.0 RC du 24/04/12 Avec Aroma Installer [28/06/12][Build-3]

________________________________________________________________________

Fix & AUTRES
________________________________________________________________________

FIX BOUYGUES TELECOM

BONNE NOUVELLE LES GARS FIX MMS (FIX APN) BOUYGUES & AUTRES!

Tuga m'a refil? le fichier apns.conf qu'il utilisait sur MIUI, et le r?sultat, n'est que merveilleux, je re?ois les MMS que je m?envoies donc fonctionne aussi bien en envoi qu'en r?ception.

Apr?s installation via le Recovery, penser ? aller dans le menu "Nom des points d'acc?s"
et de restaurer les param?tres APN par d?faut (accessible par le bouton gauche tactile)

En hommage ? mon ami, je l'ai appel?, Le Fix APN Tuga, un grand merci ? lui!

Le lien:

- Fix APN TUGA - Autre lien: Mirror
- Fix APN + (comme son nom l'indique mais juste pour Bouygues - ? tester, j'ai pas de souci, c'est juste pour avoir + de param?tres pr?-inscris)

Le UNDO (pour revenir en arri?re m?me si sans int?r?t puisque le Fix est tout bon):

- UNDO Fix APN

Juste avant, j'ai mis l'appli Mms.apk, lien donn? par ckoon qui pour lui ? corriger son probl?me MMS mais pas pour moi, par contre, l'appli th?m? ICS est plus que sympa alors (Ajout? depuis dans le th?me du 20/02/12), je vous refile le lien du thread.

Lien de l'appli th?m? de Mms.apk style ICS (plusieurs versions):

- Mms th?m? style ICS Thread

FIX MMS:

Ceci est Fix pour les pi?ces jointes dans les MMS qui font plus de 300 Ko. C'est du m?me lien que les MMS th?m?s du lien au dessus.

Lien du Fix MMS (juste une appli corrig?e):

- Fix MMS
- Fix MMS Th?m?

FIX GPS Fran?ais:

Fixe mieux et plus rapidement les satelittes fran?ais.

Fix GPS fr Liens:

- Fix GPS 1 (le mieux)
- Fix GPS 2

UNDO Fix GPS (Revenir en arri?re):

- UNDO Fix GPS

FIX DATA:

Nettoie les fichiers obsol?tes dans le r?pertoire Data, ?vite le message de m?moire disque plein.

Lien Fix Data:

- Fix Data

PROBLEME ENVOI SMS AVEC FREE (par fefe83):

Probl?me r?solu, ?? marche enfin,
Donc pour ceux qui ont un probl?me avec l'envoi de sms avec cette rom je vous indique la marche ? suivre si ?a peut aider quelqun

1/ allez dans param?tres/options sp?cifiques/testing settings/Informations sur le t?l?phone, cela revient a appliquer le code *#*#4636#*#*
2/ allez dans la zone smsc et entrez le num?ro de centre sms fournit par votre op?rateur, que vous aurez au pr?alable converti en hexad?cimale
? l'aide de ce site : http://www.twit88.co...u-encode-decode
(pour ma part cela donne 07913396050096f5 chez free)

3/ cliquer sur mettre ? jour
4/ redemmarez votre mobile
et l? ?a devrait fonctionner

UNDO des + de la Rom CNA x.x.x (2):

- UNDO Fix Data
- UNDO LagFree v2.1
- UNDO LagFree_v2.0.1

________________________________________________________________________

BootAnims
________________________________________________________________________

BootAnims Visuellement + Liens:

BootAnim CNA Franzy: Lien

BootAnim CNA Franzy 2: Lien

Rings: Lien

ICS 4.x v1: Lien

ICS 4.x v2: Lien

Android style Cyanogen: Lien

L'original de CNA Nexus: Lien

BootAnim CM9: Lien

________________________________________________________________________

Divers
________________________________________________________________________

TOUCHWIZZ 4 ICS

Lien TouchWizz 4 ICS:

- TouchWizz 4 ICS

Lien UNDO TouchWizz 4 ICS (pour s'en d?barasser si pas d'int?r?t):

- TouchWizz 4 ICS UNDO

Modifi? par franzyroy, 18 April 2012 - 15:05.

Source: http://forum.frandroid.com/topic/91580-rom-ics-404-codename-android-v200-rc-du-240412-avec-aroma-installer-280612build-3/

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Stupid things you do with a smartphone -- and how to fix them

5 hrs.

Adam Dachis , Lifehacker

Your smartphone can be your second brain, but it can also turn you into a person with no sense of direction, poor social skills and next to no privacy. Fixing these problems is easy, but first you need to know about them. Here are all stupid things you're doing with your smartphone.

Stupid Thing #1: You're overreliant on your smartphone, causing you to forget?important numbers and directions
A lot of people think your smartphone is making you stupid. That's not true, but you may occasionally rely on it to a fault???or at least to the detriment of self-sufficiency. Rely too much on turn-by-turn GPS and you'll never learn how to get anywhere yourself. You probably can't recall more than a few of your contacts' phone numbers, which is fine until your phone's dead and it's an emergency. While you can't be expected to recall every little bit of data that crosses your path, you can benefit a lot by storing certain things directly in your gray matter. If you want to use your smartphone intelligently, it needs to be a supplement???not a replacement???for the tasks you should be able to complete on your own.

To fix this problem, it may be time to reprogram your memory. You're not used to retaining information your smartphone can provide, so you have to start taking the time to remember the information you request. When you receive driving directions, look through them a few times, repeat them aloud and remember them as you make your trip. You can always reference them again at a stoplight if you forget a turn or two, but making the effort to remember is the important thing. This way you'll be able to make the same trip again without the need to look up directions at all. After enough trips in the same city, you'll just know where you are without the aid of your phone.

When it comes to your to-do lists and phone numbers, don't just store them in your phone. Write them down on paper, with an actual writing implement. The act of writing can actually improve your ability to learn, so you'll get more out of the process. On top of that, look at phone numbers before you dial them and say them as you dial to help you remember them. An easy fix is simply replacing your favorite contacts' names with their numbers. Thoroughly look at your to-do list at the top of each day so you know what you need to get done, rather than just referencing the list whenever you need a new task. Having your tasks in your memory will help make you more productive because you'll be able to plan what you want to do and when quite a bit better. There's nothing wrong with having this information in your phone, but a good chunk of it ought to be in your brain as well.

Stupid Thing #2: You won't pay $1 for a great app
There are a ton of great, free apps for smartphones, but sometimes there's a better app for a small price???a price many won't pay. Take Sparrow for example. You get a free mail client with your iPhone, and it's not half bad. Sparrow, on the other hand, is amazing???especially if you're a Gmail user. It's currently priced at $2, and that's a barrier to entry for many people in spite of high praise from friends and people all over the web. When Apple started their app store, and Google followed with theirs, we entered a world where software became very inexpensive. It's not unusual to want to avoid paying for it because we know there are so many great options available for free. But sometimes, it's worth it.

Look at it this way: sometimes you'll pay $15 for a meal you could make yourself for $5. You do this because the $15 meal is going to taste better and you won't have to spend time making it. The same goes for apps: sometimes you should spend a few dollars to get something awesome that will save you time and effort???or that's just really fun. If you're concerned about overspending, set a monthly app budget. Not only will you have a better, more functional smartphone, but you'll be supporting the developers who work hard to bring you great things. It's a win-win.

Stupid Thing #3: Your phone notifies you about everything
Your phone's notification system is like a dog trainer and you are, unfortunately, the dog. When you're notified all the time, you become accustomed to constantly pulling out your phone to see what just happened. It's gotten so bad for some people that people feel their phone vibrating when it's not. If you've ever checked your phone because you thought it vibrated but it turned out nothing happened at all, you've probably enabled too many notifications.

I've set my phone to silent most of the time and simply check it periodically to see if there's anything new I need to know about. This works well for me. I've yet to miss anything urgent. That said, it's not a solution for everybody. Chances are you either need notifications as they happen for work, or you?simply prefer to be more up-to-date. In that case, you just need to prune your notifications so you receive the stuff you consider important and ignore the stuff you can look at later. For the most part, this means editing each app's notification settings and keeping them on if they're important, turn off vibration if they're unimportant, and turn them off if they're useless. This will minimize your daily distractions and help you avoid checking your phone every second of the day.

Stupid Thing #4: You're distracted by your smartphone while driving
Texting while driving is more dangerous than driving drunk. You've no doubt heard that before, and you probably still send text messages from your car???or at least check out that last notification???while it's rolling down the road. Chances are you know this is bad, but the desire to send that text overrides your better judgment in the moment. While you'd most likely be better off not using your smartphone at all, it is possible to drive safely while using your phone???at least in small ways. The key is to keep your eyes???and your focus???on the road.

Realistically, you're always going to have distractions in the car that are going to hurt your focus. Keeping those distractions to a minimum will help you drive more safely. This means using voice control to change a song or send a text message while operating a moving vehicle, and both iOS and Android have comprehensive voice control features. If you're on an older iPhone without Siri, Vokul can bridge the gap. If you're an Android user who wants a personal assistant like Siri, you have plenty of options. Voice control is a much better way to control your smartphone without taking your eyes or your focus off the road, but it still qualifies as a distraction. Your best bet, if you just have to change that song or send a text message, is to do it at a stoplight. Because you're using voice control you'll be able to keep an eye on the light to know when it changes, but you won't need your full attention because the vehicle isn't moving. If you live by those rules, you'll have a lot less to worry about.

Stupid Thing #5: You don't monitor your privacy settings
Your smartphone retains a lot of personal data, and this points to two privacy issues. First, if your phone is stolen, the thief has easy access to your data. Second, apps on your phone may be tracking a little more information than you want. Both problems are very simple to fix.

To resolve the stolen phone problem, secure your smartphone with a password and enable remote wipe. This way no one can easily access your personal data, and you can destroy that data remotely if you've got something particularly sensitive.

To keep your phone from tracking you in unwanted ways, schedule a regular privacy audit once a month. (You should do this on the web and on your computers, too, by the way.) This is easy (albeit a bit limited) on the iPhone, as you can just open the Settings app and tap Location Services to enable or disable app access. (In iOS 6, these settings will be in a new Privacy tab that will allow you to toggle various types of information an app can access.)

Managing your privacy on Android is a little more complicated, but you also have greater control. First, you'll want to make sure your phone isn't running Carrier IQ?a program that's capable of tracking and reporting a massive amount of data without your knowledge. Second, an app called Privacy Blocker can perform that privacy audit for you. It'll take a look at the apps installed on your Android and give you an overview of the data they're collecting. If an app is overreaching, delete it.

Stupid Thing #6: You neglect other people in favor of your smartphone
Social media may be intended to bring us together, but it's equally skilled at keeping us apart. When spending time with other people, you can't exactly interact with them when you're using your smartphone???it's that pesky multitasking myth. Your phone's a device intended to keep you connected to people you care about. When you're with them, it's best to put the smartphone away. Solving the problem is often that simple.

If you're easily distracted, however, turn off alerts and notifications. If other people you're with are constantly checking their phones, politely ask them to save it for later. Technology is awesome, but it's often addictive. It's always with you, unlike people. So separate your smartphone and your human time. It's a better way to stay connected.

---

There you have it. A few simple fixes and you're back to using your phone for good.?

More from Lifehacker:

Source: http://www.gadgetbox.msnbc.msn.com/technology/gadgetbox/stupid-things-you-do-smartphone-how-fix-them-854049

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Asian shares, euro edge up but EU summit worries cap gains

[ [ [['Connery is an experienced stuntman', 2]], 'http://yhoo.it/KeQd0p', '[Slideshow: See photos taken on the way down]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['Connery is an experienced stuntman', 7]], ' http://yhoo.it/KpUoHO', '[Slideshow: Death-defying daredevils]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['know that we have confidence in', 3]], 'http://yhoo.it/LqYjAX ', '[Related: The Secret Service guide to Cartagena]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['We picked up this other dog and', 5]], 'http://yhoo.it/JUSxvi', '[Related: 8 common dog fears, how to calm them]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['accused of running a fake hepatitis B', 5]], 'http://bit.ly/JnoJYN', '[Related: Did WH share raid details with filmmakers?]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['accused of running a fake hepatitis B', 3]], 'http://bit.ly/KoKiqJ', '[Factbox: AQAP, al-Qaeda in Yemen]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['have my contacts on or glasses', 3]], 'http://abcn.ws/KTE5AZ', '[Related: Should the murder charge be dropped?]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['have made this nation great as Sarah Palin', 5]], 'http://yhoo.it/JD7nlD', '[Related: Bristol Palin reality show debuts June 19]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['have made this nation great as Sarah Palin', 1]], 'http://bit.ly/JRPFRO', '[Related: McCain adviser who vetted Palin weighs in on VP race]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['A JetBlue flight from New York to Las Vegas', 3]], 'http://yhoo.it/GV9zpj', '[Related: View photos of the JetBlue plane in Amarillo]', ' ', '630', ' ', ' ', ], [ [['the 28-year-old neighborhood watchman who shot and killed', 15]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/white-house-stays-out-of-teen-s-killing-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/cv/ip/ap/default/120411/martinzimmermen.jpg', '630', ' ', 'AP', ], [ [['He was in shock and still strapped to his seat', 6]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/navy-jet-crashes-in-virginia-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/cv/ip/ap/default/120406/jet_ap.jpg', '630', ' ', 'AP', ], [ [['xxxxxxxxxxxx', 11]], 'http://news.yahoo.com/photos/russian-grannies-win-bid-to-sing-at-eurovision-1331223625-slideshow/', 'Click image to see more photos', 'http://l.yimg.com/a/p/us/news/editorial/1/56/156d92f2760dcd3e75bcd649a8b85fcf.jpeg', '500', ' ', 'AP', ] ]

[ [ [['did not go as far his colleague', 8]], '29438204', '0' ], [ [[' the 28-year-old neighborhood watchman who shot and killed', 4]], '28924649', '0' ], [ [['because I know God protects me', 14], ['Brian Snow was at a nearby credit union', 5]], '28811216', '0' ], [ [['The state news agency RIA-Novosti quoted Rosaviatsiya', 6]], '28805461', '0' ], [ [['measure all but certain to fail in the face of bipartisan', 4]], '28771014', '0' ], [ [['matter what you do in this case', 5]], '28759848', '0' ], [ [['presume laws are constitutional', 7]], '28747556', '0' ], [ [['has destroyed 15 to 25 houses', 7]], '28744868', '0' ], [ [['short answer is yes', 7]], '28746030', '0' ], [ [['opportunity to tell the real story', 7]], '28731764', '0' ], [ [['entirely respectable way to put off the searing constitutional controversy', 7]], '28723797', '0' ], [ [['point of my campaign is that big ideas matter', 9]], '28712293', '0' ], [ [['As the standoff dragged into a second day', 7]], '28687424', '0' ], [ [['French police stepped up the search', 17]], '28667224', '0' ], [ [['Seeking to elevate his candidacy back to a general', 8]], '28660934', '0' ], [ [['The tragic story of Trayvon Martin', 4]], '28647343', '0' ], [ [['Karzai will get a chance soon to express', 8]], '28630306', '0' ], [ [['powerful storms stretching', 8]], '28493546', '0' ], [ [['basic norm that death is private', 6]], '28413590', '0' ], [ [['songwriter also saw a surge in sales for her debut album', 6]], '28413590', '1', 'Watch music videos from Whitney Houston ', 'on Yahoo! Music', 'http://music.yahoo.com' ], [ [['keyword', 99999999999999999999999]], 'videoID', '1', 'overwrite-pre-description', 'overwrite-link-string', 'overwrite-link-url' ] ]

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/global-shares-edge-euro-vulnerable-divided-eu-summit-004721618--finance.html

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Politician Plays "Pick Out the Immigrant" with Justin Bieber, Selena Gomez

Are you ready, THG readers, to play everyone's favorite new game: Pick Out the Immigrant... starring Justin Bieber and Selena Gomez!

With most of the political world reacting today to the Supreme Court upholding Barack Obama's healthcare plan, it's worth also noting that Rep. Luis V. Gutierrez (D-IL) took the floor of the House of Representatives yesterday and expressed his disdain for the Arizona immigration policy that, essentially, allows police offers to ask for the identification of any resident, merely based on his/her appearance.

"In Arizona today, all that stands between you and a legal nightmare is whether a police officer feels there is a reasonable suspicion to inquire about your country of origin. Yet, Arizona politicians will tell you with a straight face no less, that they can apply this law without using racial profiling."

Gutierrez then aimed to prove these folks wrong by posting several images of celebrities and asking Congressmen to determine which is the immigrant. Watch for yourself:

Luis V. Gutierrez Speech: Pick the Immigrant!

"The point is simple," Gutierrez concludes. "The idea that any government official can determine who belongs in America and who doesn't simply by looking at them is completely ridiculous, unfair and un-American ... and yet this absurdity is the law of Arizona."

Source: http://www.thehollywoodgossip.com/2012/06/politician-plays-pick-out-the-immigrant-with-justin-bieber-selen/

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Coach Frank Martin making mark at South Carolina

COLUMBIA, S.C. (AP) - New South Carolina basketball coach Frank Martin was grateful he had his own day in his new home city. He just wishes he had done more than simply take the job to earn the honor.

"I'm embarrassed," Martin said. "I'm new to this community. We haven't done anything yet. But I'm honored, and now we've got to utilize it to do whatever I can just to impact this community in a positive way."

That will start in earnest next fall when Martin takes to the sidelines at Colonial Life Arena in his first season as Gamecocks coach. Martin left Kansas State in March, bringing his no-nonsense style and solid basketball knowledge to revive a last-place South Carolina program.

Martin has barely taken a break since accepting a six-year contract at roughly $2 million a year three months ago. He had to fill out a roster depleted with the transfers of two of the Gamecocks' most promising players after Damontre Harris went to Florida, and Anthony Gill to Virginia. Martin has had to integrate the desires of the team's point guard, Bruce Ellington, to again play football and basketball next school year. He has met with coaches and contacts throughout the region to spread the message that things will be different at South Carolina.

"The message has been well received out there," Martin said. "The feedback we've been getting has been great."

Things have also gone well with those returnees, including Ellington. Martin said his point guard probably spends more time than anyone in the basketball offices and has kept himself a major part of the team.

That is good for Martin because, right now, the Gamecocks have few other scoring options. Leading scorer Malik Cooke was a senior, and transfers Gill and Harris were the team's third- and fourth-leading scorers who combined for almost 15 points a game.

The returnees, though, have listened and bought in to what Martin and his staff are preaching.

"The way they go about their business makes me believe that they believe," the coach said.

Changing attitudes might be a difficult task. The Gamecocks were 2-14 in the SEC last year and have lost 26 of their past 30 games with league opponents.

Martin said he has six new players for the roster set to arrive this summer, although he is not yet ready to announce them.

"Everybody likes to talk about the new guys," Martin told the crowd at the city's Community Relations Council luncheon. "Let me tell you, all those guys were at high school proms. None of them know anything about college yet."

That hasn't stopped the region's growing love affair with the plain-spoken, at times emotional coach. The city's Chamber of Commerce held a welcome breakfast in Martin's honor on Wednesday before Mayor Steve Benjamin proclaimed it "Frank Martin Day."

Martin later served as keynote speaker for the Community Relations Council, signing autographs, shaking hands and getting to know the people he expects will fill the seats at his 18,000-seat home arena once he gets things rolling.

Martin shared his story of growing up the child of Cuban immigrants without a father to guide him. Martin said that too often the lack of a parent is used to excuse unacceptable behavior. He said he will hold his players to high standards and make sure South Carolina fans can be proud to root for the Gamecocks.

Martin received a standing ovation from the 300 or so in attendance.

"It's awesome," he said. "This reaffirms what people I trust told me before I took this job."

Martin said the support he has seen is why Steve Spurrier led the football team to the SEC title game in 2010, why Dawn Staley's team reached the round of 16 in the women's NCAA tournament, and why Ray Tanner's club won College World Series titles in 2010 and 2011.

Martin hopes he will soon deserve his accolades at South Carolina.

"Right now where we're at, we haven't lost any games. We haven't dealt with adversity yet," he said. "But that's OK."

Source: http://www.buffalonews.com/sports/24-sports-news/article926583.ece

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Tropical Depression Dokuri weaker, but still potent

Public release date: 28-Jun-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Rob Gutro
Robert.j.gutro@nasa.gov
443-858-1779
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

Tropical Storm Dokuri weakened into a tropical depression today, but NASA infrared satellite imagery is still showing some areas of strong convection and thunderstorms in the storm and they're being pushed away from the center.

NASA's Aqua satellite passed over Tropical Storm Dokuri on June 27 on 0435 UTC (12:35 a.m. EDT). Infrared data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument onboard indicated there were still some strong showers and thunderstorms within the system. Those cloud top temperatures were colder than -63 Fahrenheit (-52 Celsius), indicating strong uplift in the atmopshere, and thunderstorms within Dokuri that have the capability for heavy rainfall.

Infrared data shows a fully-exposed low level-circulation center. The strongest convection (rising air that creates thunderstorms that make up the system)are being pushed to the southwest due to strong northeasterly vertical wind shear.

Warnings are up in the Philippines as Doksuri (known there as Dindo) continues to move north of Luzon today. Public storm warning signal #1 is in effect in Abra, Kalinga, Isabela, Ilocos Sur, Mt. Province, Ifugao, La Union, Benguet, Pangasinan, Nueva Vizcaya and Quirino. Public storm warning signal #2 is also in effect for Cagayan, Calayan Group of Islands, Babuyan Group of Islands, Batanes Group of Islands, Apayao, Ilocos Norte.

On June 28, 2012 at 1500 UTC (11 a.m. EDT), Tropical Storm Doksuri had maximum sustained winds near 35 knots. It was located approximately 335 nautical miles north of Manila, Philippines, near 20.4 North and 120.7 East. It was moving to the west-northwestward at 17 knots. The strongest convection and thunderstorms were located over northern Luzon at this time, and are moving off the northwestern coast of the Philippines.

Doksuri has weakened as it passes to the north of Luzon. Doksuri is expected to continue tracking west and make landfall near Hong Kong in two days.

###

---

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?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 28-Jun-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Rob Gutro
Robert.j.gutro@nasa.gov
443-858-1779
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

Tropical Storm Dokuri weakened into a tropical depression today, but NASA infrared satellite imagery is still showing some areas of strong convection and thunderstorms in the storm and they're being pushed away from the center.

NASA's Aqua satellite passed over Tropical Storm Dokuri on June 27 on 0435 UTC (12:35 a.m. EDT). Infrared data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument onboard indicated there were still some strong showers and thunderstorms within the system. Those cloud top temperatures were colder than -63 Fahrenheit (-52 Celsius), indicating strong uplift in the atmopshere, and thunderstorms within Dokuri that have the capability for heavy rainfall.

Infrared data shows a fully-exposed low level-circulation center. The strongest convection (rising air that creates thunderstorms that make up the system)are being pushed to the southwest due to strong northeasterly vertical wind shear.

Warnings are up in the Philippines as Doksuri (known there as Dindo) continues to move north of Luzon today. Public storm warning signal #1 is in effect in Abra, Kalinga, Isabela, Ilocos Sur, Mt. Province, Ifugao, La Union, Benguet, Pangasinan, Nueva Vizcaya and Quirino. Public storm warning signal #2 is also in effect for Cagayan, Calayan Group of Islands, Babuyan Group of Islands, Batanes Group of Islands, Apayao, Ilocos Norte.

On June 28, 2012 at 1500 UTC (11 a.m. EDT), Tropical Storm Doksuri had maximum sustained winds near 35 knots. It was located approximately 335 nautical miles north of Manila, Philippines, near 20.4 North and 120.7 East. It was moving to the west-northwestward at 17 knots. The strongest convection and thunderstorms were located over northern Luzon at this time, and are moving off the northwestern coast of the Philippines.

Doksuri has weakened as it passes to the north of Luzon. Doksuri is expected to continue tracking west and make landfall near Hong Kong in two days.

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ScienceDaily: Biochemistry News

http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/biochemistry/ Read the latest research in biochemistry -- protein structure and function, RNA and DNA, enzymes and biosynthesis and more biochemistry news.en-usWed, 27 Jun 2012 23:18:34 EDTWed, 27 Jun 2012 23:18:34 EDT60http://www.sciencedaily.com/images/logosmall.gifhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/biochemistry/ For more science articles, visit ScienceDaily.http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627132116.htm Scientists have peered into the makeup of complex airborne particulate matter so small that it can be transported into human lungs -- usually without a trace.Wed, 27 Jun 2012 13:21:21 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627132116.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627132049.htm For the first time, air-polluting soot particles have been imaged in flight down to nanometer resolution. Pioneering a new technique scientists snapped the most detailed images yet of airborne aerosols.Wed, 27 Jun 2012 13:20:20 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627132049.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627131951.htm Scientists have developed a powerful new technique for manipulating the building-block molecules of organic chemistry. The technique enables chemists to add new functional molecules to previously hard-to-reach positions on existing compounds?making it easier for them to generate new drugs and other organic chemicals.Wed, 27 Jun 2012 13:19:19 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627131951.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627103350.htm Scientists are reporting an advance toward treating disease with minute capsules containing not drugs -- but the DNA and other biological machinery for making the drug. They describe engineering micro- and nano-sized capsules that contain the genetically coded instructions, plus the read-out gear and assembly line for protein synthesis that can be switched on with an external signal.Wed, 27 Jun 2012 10:33:33 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627103350.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627103310.htm Researchers have developed a new technique for controlling the crystalline structure of titanium dioxide at room temperature. The development should make titanium dioxide more efficient in a range of applications, including photovoltaic cells, hydrogen production, antimicrobial coatings, smart sensors and optical communication technologies.Wed, 27 Jun 2012 10:33:33 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627103310.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627092012.htm Ever since Hennig Brand's discovery in 1669, elementary phosphorus has fascinated chemists around the world. It is industrially produced by the ton and its compounds have numerous applications in materials science and the life sciences. The main known forms of the element are white, red, and black phosphorus. Chemists have now succeeded in creating a positively charged pure phosphorus compound.Wed, 27 Jun 2012 09:20:20 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120627092012.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120626114322.htm Imagine if doctors could perform surgery without ever having to cut through your skin. Or if they could diagnose cancer by seeing tumors inside the body with a procedure that is as simple as an ultrasound. Thanks to a new technique, all of that may be possible in the not-so-distant future.Tue, 26 Jun 2012 11:43:43 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120626114322.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120625160403.htm A mechanism that controls the way organisms breathe or photosynthesize has been discovered by scientists. The research could pave the way for improved biofuel production.Mon, 25 Jun 2012 16:04:04 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120625160403.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120625125803.htm Researchers have found a way to create much slimmer thin-film solar cells without sacrificing the cells' ability to absorb solar energy. Making the cells thinner should significantly decrease manufacturing costs for the technology.Mon, 25 Jun 2012 12:58:58 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120625125803.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120625100915.htm Differentiation of stem cells into bone nodules is greatly accelerated by nanomolecular scaffolds.Mon, 25 Jun 2012 10:09:09 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120625100915.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120623094310.htm Scientists have found a new mathematical approach to simulating the electronic behavior of noncrystalline materials, which may eventually play an important part in new devices including solar cells, organic LED lights and printable, flexible electronic circuits.Sat, 23 Jun 2012 09:43:43 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120623094310.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120619092935.htm A key component found in an ancient anaerobic microorganism may serve as a sensor to detect potentially fatal oxygen, researchers have found. This helps researchers learn more about the function of these components, called iron-sulfur clusters, which occur in different parts of cells in all living creatures.Tue, 19 Jun 2012 09:29:29 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120619092935.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120618153427.htm Scientists are racing to sequence DNA faster and cheaper than ever by passing strands of the genetic material through molecule-sized pores. Now, scientists have adapted this ?nanopore? method to find DNA damage that can lead to mutations and disease.Mon, 18 Jun 2012 15:34:34 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120618153427.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120618111830.htm Overturning two long-held misconceptions about oil production in algae, scientists show that ramping up the microbes' overall metabolism by feeding them more carbon increases oil production as the organisms continue to grow. The findings may point to new ways to turn photosynthetic green algae into tiny "green factories" for producing raw materials for alternative fuels.Mon, 18 Jun 2012 11:18:18 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120618111830.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120616145535.htm The design of a nature-inspired material that can make energy-storing hydrogen gas has gone holistic. Usually, tweaking the design of this particular catalyst -- a work in progress for cheaper, better fuel cells -- results in either faster or more energy efficient production but not both. 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The technology could lead to real-time tracking of influenza.Mon, 11 Jun 2012 09:23:23 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120611092345.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120610151304.htm Enabling bioengineers to design new molecular machines for nanotechnology applications is one of the possible outcomes of a new study. Scientists have developed a new approach to visualize how proteins assemble, which may also significantly aid our understanding of diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, which are caused by errors in assembly.Sun, 10 Jun 2012 15:13:13 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120610151304.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120606155808.htm Using ultrafast, intensely bright pulses of X-rays scientists have obtained the first ever images at room temperature of photosystem II, a protein complex critical for photosynthesis and future artificial photosynthetic systems.Wed, 06 Jun 2012 15:58:58 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120606155808.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120606132316.htm A new voyage into "chemical space" ? occupied not by stars and planets but substances that could become useful in everyday life ? has concluded that scientists have synthesized barely one tenth of one percent of potential medicines. The report estimates that the actual number of these so-called "small molecules" could be one novemdecillion (that's one with 60 zeroes), more than some estimates of the number of stars in the universe.Wed, 06 Jun 2012 13:23:23 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120606132316.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120605121639.htm Halogens particularly chlorine, bromine, and iodine ? have a unique quality which allows them to positively influence the interaction between molecules. 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The creation of these miniature structures may be the first step toward developing new methods of drug delivery or even designing artificial vaccines.Thu, 31 May 2012 14:57:57 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531145720.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531145630.htm Ultrashort flashes of X-radiation allow atomic structures of macromolecules to be obtained even from tiny protein crystals.Thu, 31 May 2012 14:56:56 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531145630.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531102207.htm Our ability to "read" DNA has made tremendous progress in the past few decades, but the ability to understand and alter the genetic code, that is, to "rewrite" the DNA-encoded instructions, has lagged behind. A new study advances our understanding of the genetic code: It proposes a way of effectively introducing numerous carefully planned DNA segments into genomes of living cells and of testing the effects of these changes. New technology speeds up DNA "rewriting" and measures the effects of the changes in living cells.Thu, 31 May 2012 10:22:22 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120531102207.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530152203.htm Researchers have developed a method for building complex nanostructures out of interlocking DNA "building blocks" that can be programmed to assemble themselves into precisely designed shapes. With further development, the technology could one day enable the creation of new nanoscale devices that deliver drugs directly to disease sites.Wed, 30 May 2012 15:22:22 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530152203.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530104034.htm Inexpensive, portable devices that can rapidly screen cells for leukemia or HIV may soon be possible thanks to a chip that can produce three-dimensional focusing of a stream of cells, according to researchers.Wed, 30 May 2012 10:40:40 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530104034.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530100041.htm Scientists have engineered cells that behave like AND and OR Boolean logic gates, producing an output based on one or more unique inputs. This feat could eventually help researchers create computers that use cells as tiny circuits.Wed, 30 May 2012 10:00:00 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120530100041.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120529113543.htm An integrated chemical chip has just been developed. An advantage of chemical circuits is that the charge carrier consists of chemical substances with various functions. This means that we now have new opportunities to control and regulate the signal paths of cells in the human body. The chemical chip can control the delivery of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. 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Dubbed 'olympicene', the single molecule was brought to life in a picture thanks to a combination of clever synthetic chemistry and state-of-the-art imaging techniques.Mon, 28 May 2012 10:02:02 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120528100253.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120527153818.htm Multi-walled carbon nanotubes riddled with defects and impurities on the outside could replace some of the expensive platinum catalysts used in fuel cells and metal-air batteries, according to scientists.Sun, 27 May 2012 15:38:38 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120527153818.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120527153718.htm Scientists have developed an ultra-sensitive test that should enable them to detect signs of a disease in its earliest stages.Sun, 27 May 2012 15:37:37 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120527153718.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120525103614.htm Images of the cell's transport pods have revealed a molecular version of the robots from Transformers. Previously, scientists had been able to create and determine the structure of 'cages' formed by parts of the protein coats that encase other types of vesicles, but this study was the first to obtain high-resolution images of complete vesicles, budded from a membrane.Fri, 25 May 2012 10:36:36 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120525103614.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524143527.htm There's nothing like a new pair of eyeglasses to bring fine details into sharp relief. For scientists who study the large molecules of life from proteins to DNA, the equivalent of new lenses have come in the form of an advanced method for analyzing data from X-ray crystallography experiments.Thu, 24 May 2012 14:35:35 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524143527.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524123232.htm Researchers are using nanoparticles to simultaneously deliver proteins and DNA into plant cells. The technology could allow more sophisticated and targeted editing of plant genomes. And that could help researchers develop crops that adapt to changing climates and resist pests.Thu, 24 May 2012 12:32:32 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524123232.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524092932.htm Quantum physics and plant biology seem like two branches of science that could not be more different, but surprisingly they may in fact be intimately tied. Scientists have discovered an unusual quantum effect in the earliest stages of photosynthesis.Thu, 24 May 2012 09:29:29 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524092932.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120523135527.htm Quantum computers may someday revolutionize the information world. But in order for quantum computers at distant locations to communicate with one another, they have to be linked together in a network. 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This portable optical instrument is able to provide high-resolution images of blood coursing through veins without the need for harsh fluorescent dyes.Mon, 21 May 2012 11:56:56 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521115654.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521103808.htm The plague, bacterial dysentery, and cholera have one thing in common: These dangerous diseases are caused by bacteria which infect their host using a sophisticated injection apparatus. Through needle-like structures, they release molecular agents into their host cell, thereby evading the immune response. Researchers have now elucidated the structure of such a needle at atomic resolution. Their findings might contribute to drug tailoring and the development of strategies which specifically prevent the infection process.Mon, 21 May 2012 10:38:38 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120521103808.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120518132657.htm Tiny beads may act as minimally invasive glucose sensors for a variety of applications in cell culture systems and tissue engineering.Fri, 18 May 2012 13:26:26 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120518132657.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120518081147.htm Using newly developed imaging technology, chemists have confirmed years of theoretical assumptions about water molecules, the most abundant and one of the most frequently studied substances on Earth.Fri, 18 May 2012 08:11:11 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120518081147.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120517193141.htm Researchers have come closer to solving an old challenge of producing graphene quantum dots of controlled shape and size at large densities, which could revolutionize electronics and optoelectronics.Thu, 17 May 2012 19:31:31 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120517193141.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120517143506.htm Scientists have discovered how adding trace amounts of water can tremendously speed up chemical reactions -? such as hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis ?- in which hydrogen is one of the reactants, or starting materials.Thu, 17 May 2012 14:35:35 EDThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120517143506.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120514104848.htm Three proteins have been found to be involved in the accumulation of fatty acids in plants. 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Mexico's Pena Nieto wraps up campaign with victory near

TOLUCA, Mexico (Reuters) - Mexico's presidential front-runner Enrique Pena Nieto scented victory as he wrapped up his campaign on Wednesday with polls showing he should easily win the weekend election and put the country's old rulers back in power.

Voters elect a new president on Sunday and many are eager for the next government to fire up an underperforming economy and end rampant violence by drug gangs, sore points that have eroded confidence in the ruling National Action Party, or PAN.

Pena Nieto is running for the opposition Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), which laid the foundations of modern Mexico and ruled for most of the 20th century but is widely remembered for its corruption and suppression of dissent.

The PRI was ousted by the conservative PAN in a 2000 election, but has bounced back in the last few years, insisting it has learned from its mistakes and swinging the full might of its formidable party machinery behind the telegenic Pena Nieto.

The PAN raised high hopes when it came to power, but annual economic growth averaged barely 2 percent under its two governments and it has failed to contain spiraling criminal violence, crippling its hopes of a third term.

"We want a country that lives in peace, is calm and is safe," Pena Nieto, 45, told tens of thousands of supporters in the central city of Toluca on the last day of campaigning.

Three polls published on Wednesday all showed him with a double-digit lead over his rivals.

Wearing red baseball caps and red and white T-shirts handed out by the party, supporters shouted "Presidente, Presidente" as Pena Nieto took the stage in Toluca. But the rally was otherwise largely subdued.

"We have to give the PRI another chance, the PAN has shown it was not up to the job," said Ignacia Rodriguez, 50, a street vendor in Toluca. "They've failed the test."

Pena Nieto's closest rival is leftist candidate Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, a former mayor of Mexico City who narrowly lost the 2006 election to President Felipe Calderon and then contested the results, staging months of protests that unnerved investors in Latin America's second-largest economy.

He has recently stirred up fears of new unrest, accusing the PRI of trying to rig the vote, although any protests may be short-lived if Pena Nieto wins by a wide margin.

The prospect of that victory fills some Mexicans with fear that the country is heading back towards a state dominated by one party.

"Lopez Obrador is the only option not to return to a dictatorship," said drama student Mezli Gutierrez, 24, as she joined thousands marching to a closing rally in Mexico City's main square. "The PRI is a completely rotten system."

PAN candidate Josefina Vazquez Mota told supporters at her final campaign rally near Mexico's second city Guadalajara that voters needed to be mindful of foul play on Sunday.

"I invite you all to be election observers, so no-one's vote is manipulated and no-one feels pressured," she said.

NEW PRI

Pena Nieto underlined his commitment to change in an interview published on Wednesday in the newspaper El Universal.

"There is a new PRI ... It's the others who have not changed. They are living in the past," he said. "But the PRI never left. It has lost and won, competed democratically and understood change."

Calderon's struggles with the sputtering economy have been exacerbated by the PAN's lack of a majority in Congress.

He has been unable to push through many of his planned reforms due to opposition from the PRI and other parties, and the brutality of drug war violence has eroded his standing.

Rampant violence between drug cartels and their clashes with the state has claimed more than 55,000 lives since 2007.

Calderon sent in the armed forces to bring the gangs to heel soon after taking office in December 2006, but despite capturing or killing many top bosses, the bloodshed has escalated.

Pena Nieto is planning to boost growth with reforms similar to those his party helped thwart in Congress under Calderon.

He has pledged to overhaul the tax system and open up state oil monopoly Pemex to more private investment in exploration, refining and production, breaking with traditions of the PRI, which nationalized Mexico's oil industry in 1938.

Recent polls suggest the PRI could win a working majority in both the Senate and lower house of Congress.

But even if he has the majorities, Pena Nieto faces a challenge to shake up Pemex, which is struggling with a heavy tax burden, bloated workforce and oil fields in decline.

A close result would raise the risk of demonstrations, particularly as Lopez Obrador has the support of a newly emerged student movement that shook up the campaign with huge rallies.

In Mexico City, banners peppered the main thoroughfare, which Lopez Obrador brought to a standstill with post-election protests six years ago, reading: "I remember the devaluations, the killings, the corruption. Don't vote for the PRI."

Some protesters vowed to take the streets again if Lopez Obrador issues a rallying call.

Mexican financial markets have already factored in a Pena Nieto win, so a close finish that puts his mandate and economic reforms at risk could spook investors and hit asset prices.

The final three polls of the campaign gave the PRI candidate a lead of between 10 and 17 points over Lopez Obrador with the PAN's Josefina Vazquez Mota trailing in third.

They were conducted between June 21 and 25 using samples of 1,200 to 2,000 eligible voters. The margin of error for the polls was 2.9 percentage points or lower.

(With reporting by Michael O'Boyle in Zapopan, Ioan Grillo, Miguel Angel Gutierrez, Gabriel Stargardter and David Alire Garcia in Mexico City; Writing by Simon Gardner; Editing by Kieran Murray and David Brunnstrom)

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Lawmakers reach tentative deal on highway bill

WASHINGTON (AP) ? Congressional leaders have tentatively agreed on a two-year bill to overhaul federal highway programs that drops a requirement that the government approve the Keystone XL oil pipeline.

Senate aides said they were working Wednesday to put the agreement into legislative language, which must happen before House and Senate leaders formally sign off on the deal. The leaders will also want time to sound out their members' support for the measure. The aides described the deal on condition of anonymity because the deal wasn't final.

House Republicans had pushed for inclusion of a provision that would go around President Barack Obama by requiring a federal energy agency approve the oil pipeline, which would transport oil from Canada's tar sands to Port Arthur, Texas. The White House threatened to veto the bill if Keystone were included.

Also eliminated from the bill was another provision sought by House Republicans that would have blocked the Environmental Protection Agency from regulating the toxic ash generated by coal-fired power plants. The ash is used as an ingredient in some types of cement. Sen. James Inhofe, R-Okla., a key negotiator on the bill, told reporters that both the Keystone and coal ash provisions had been dropped.

House Republicans won concessions from the Senate on environmental reviews of highway projects and on a program that funds bike paths, pedestrian safety projects, beautification and other "transportation enhancements," Senate aides and environmentalists said.

The law requires that the government study potential environmental impacts before starting highway construction projects, but that can cause delays and drive up costs. The deal struck Wednesday would reduce the average time it takes to complete a highway project from 15 years to about eight years.

The agreement also makes other kinds of transportation programs eligible for the same pool of money that funds transportation enhancements, which means there will probably be less money to go around for biking and pedestrian projects.

Republicans have criticized the enhancements program as wasteful, saying it pays cities to plant flowers. Highway landscaping has been an eligible category for funds under the program, but supporters say far more money has gone to biking and walking projects.

Under the agreement, the highway bill would be combined with another bill to prevent a doubling of student loan interest rates. That's because lawmakers plan to use pension law changes to help pay for both measures. Congress is also facing weekend deadlines for both bills: Highway programs and the government's power to levy federal gasoline and diesel taxes are due to expire on Saturday. Interest rates on subsidized Stafford loans would double from their current 3.4 percent for 7.4 million students expected to receive such loans in the year beginning July 1 unless Congress acts.

Both parties see the transportation bill as a jobs creator, and Congress' best bet to do something about the nation's stubbornly high unemployment rate before the November election.

It remained unclear exactly how much the bill would spend. A transportation bill passed by the Senate earlier this year would have spent $109 billion through the end of fiscal 2013. The Republican-controlled House was unable to pass its own comprehensive bill because of divisions within GOP ranks. Instead, it passed a three-month extension of current programs that also included the Keystone and coal ash provisions.

The number of jobs created by the highway bill depends on its spending level. Sen. Barbara Boxer, D-Calif., the Senate bill's sponsor, has estimated that the Senate's original bill would have saved or created 2.8 million jobs.

Associated Press

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